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Dr. Carlo has over 15 years experience in the field of physical, surface, and polymer chemistry. Dr. Carlo’s expertise includes surface modification, materials characterization, physical chemistry, advanced materials, and ultra high vacuum systems. Dr. Carlo’s surface modification experience includes metallization, ion implantation, physical and chemical vapor deposition (PVD, CVD), e-beam, X-ray irradiation and sputtering of polymers, and self assembled monolayers (SAMs). His analytical skills encompass a broad range of advanced techniques including, atomic force microscopy (AFM), Auger spectroscopy (AES), the infrared spectroscopy family (FTIR), mass spectroscopy, scanning white-light interferometry, UV/Visible spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Prior to joining Exponent, Dr Carlo was a Program Manager with Avon Products Inc. In this role, he identified new materials and technologies for the cosmetic and personal care industry, with an emphasis on optical properties and evaluation. He also sought strategic alliance partners and established joint development agreements. At Mitsubishi Kagaku Imaging, Dr. Carlo was a Senior Development Chemist responsible for all areas of organic photoreceptor development from initiation to commercialization. In this role, he worked closely with Japanese colleagues at the central Mitsubishi research facility and completed over 20 successful new product launches and numerous product reformulations. Dr. Carlo’s work for the U.S. Naval Research laboratory included development state-of-the-art, solid-state, non-linear photonic devices.
Carlo SR, Perry CC, Torres J, Fairbrother DH. Metallization of Poly(vinylchloride) by Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag and Au. J. Vac. Sci. and Technol. A. 2002; 20:350–355.
Wagner AJ, Carlo SR, Vecitis C, Fairbrother DH. Effect of X-ray irradiation on the chemical and physical properties of a semifluorinated self-assembled monolayer. Langmuir 2002; 18:1542–1549.
Torres J, Perry CC, Carlo SR, Fairbrother DH. Reactivity of Cu with Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and Poly(vinyl chloride): Effect of pre- and post-metallization modification on the metal/polymer interface. J. Vac. Sci. and Technol. A. 2002; 20:1690–1698.
Carlo SR, Torres J, Perry CC, Fairbrother DH. Surface reactions of vapor phase titanium atoms with halogen and nitrogen containing polymers studied using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Appl Surf Sci. 2002; 195:93–106.
Carlo SR, Torres J, Fairbrother DH. Reactions of Hydrazoic Acid (N3H) on gold and ice surfaces characterized using RAIRS and XPS. J Phys Chem B 2001; 105:6148–6157.
Foster KL, Hudson PK, Tolbert MA, George SM, Carlo SR, Grassian VH. HBr adsorption on thin ice films and the formation of H2O:HBr tetrahydrate. J. Phys. Chem. A. 2001; 105:694–702.
Dirras GF, Coles G, Wagner AJ, Carlo SR, Newman C, Hemker KJ, Sharpe Jr WN. On the role of the underlying microstructure on the mechanical properties of Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) materials. Proceedings, Materials Research Society, Materials Science of Microelectromechanical Systems, 2000.
Carlo SR, Wagner AJ, Fairbrother DH. Iron metallization of fluorinated organic films; a combined XPS and AFM study. J Phys Chem B 2000; 104:6633–6641.
Carlo SR, Grassian VH. J. Phys. Reflection absorption infrared and temperature programmed desorption of HBr/ice films of varying stoichiometry from <1:1 to 1:5. J Phys Chem B 2000; 104:86–92.
Carlo SR, Grassian VH. RAIRS and TPD study of the direct photopolymerization of styrene thin films under ultra high vacuum. Langmuir 1997; 13:2307–2313.
Book Chapters
Perry CC, Carlo SR, Torres J, Wagner AJ, Fairbrother DH. Chemical interaction of Fe, Ni and Au with Poly(vinyl chloride) and Poly(tetrafluorethylene) during thermal evaporation and the effect of post-metallization X-ray irradiation studied by in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. pp. 1–14. In: Polyimides and Other High Temperature Polymers. Mittal KL, (ed), VSP Publishers, Utrecht, Netherlands, Vol. 2, 2003.
Perry CC, Carlo SR, Wagner AJ, Vecitis C, Torres J, Kolegraff K, Fairbrother DH. Self-assembled monolayers as models for polymeric interfaces. pp. 215–230M. In: Thin Films: Preparation, Characterization, Applications. Stickney SJ, Bottomley LA, and Kim Y-G (eds), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2002.
Published Abstracts
Flom SR, Pong RGS, Carlo SR, Shirk JS. Highly nonlinear polymers: Fabrication and optical properties. OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (TOPS) 2003; 88:CMT4.
Carlo SR, Shirk JS, Flom SR, Pong RGS, Ranade A, Tai H, Baer E, Hiltner A. Materials for nanolayered polymeric optical limiters. Polymer Preprints 2002; 43(2):522–523.
Flom SR, Carlo SR, Shirk JS, Pong RGS, Hiltner A, Baer E. Nanostructured polymeric optical limiter materials. OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (TOPS) 2002; 73:570–571.
Presentations
Carlo SR. The role of optics in the cosmetic industry. Invited, 2007 Mid Atlantic Regional ACS Conference, St Ursinus College, PA, 2007.
Carlo SR. The role of optics in the cosmetic industry. Invited, 2007 University of Delaware, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2007.
Carlo SR. The road less traveled? A PhD’s Foray into Industry. Invited, Drexel University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2007.
Carlo SR. Nanostructured non-linear optical systems and metallized polymer systems. Invited, GE Central R&D, Niskayuna, NY, 2007.
Carlo SR. Materials for nanostructured polymeric optical limiters. Fall American Chemical Society Meeting, Boston, MA, 2002.
Carlo SR. Nanostructured polymeric optical limiter materials. Cleo/Qels, Long Beach, CA, 2002.
Carlo SR. Interfacial studies during polymer metallization. 2001 Surface and Interface Analysis, Orlando, FL, 2001.
Carlo SR. Metallization of fluorinated organic films: A combined XPS and AFM study. Fall American Vacuum Society Meeting, Boston, MA, 2000.
Carlo SR. Reactions of hydrazoic acid (N3H) on gold and ice surfaces characterized using RAIRS and XPS. Fall American Vacuum Society Meeting, Boston, MA, 2000.
Carlo SR. Iron metallization of fluorinated organic films: A combined XPS and AFM study. Fall American Chemical Society Meeting, Washington D.C., 2000.
Carlo SR. HBr adsorption on thin ice films and the formation of H2O:HBr tetrahydrate. Fall American Chemical Society Meeting, Washington D.C., 2000.
Carlo SR. Iron metallization of fluorinated organic films: A combined XPS and AFM study. Surface and Interface Analysis, College Station, PA, 2000.
Carlo SR. X-ray induced modification of fluorinated organic films: Mechanism and impact on interfacial properties. Surface and Interface Analysis, College Station, PA, 2000.
Carlo SR. RAIRS and TPD study of photo-polymerization of styrene and vinylpyrrolidinone thin films under UHV. Mid-West Regional American Chemical Society Meeting, Lake of the Ozarks, MO, 1997.
Carlo SR. RAIRS and TPD study of the direct photopolymerization of styrene thin films under ultra high vacuum. Mid-West Regional American Chemical Society Meeting, Sioux Falls, SD, 1996.
Carlo SR. Small angle X-ray scattering and molecular modeling of nitrogenase. Daresbury Laboratory Synchrotron Radiation Users Meeting, DRAL/CLRC Daresbury Laboratory, UK, 1993.
- Program Manager, New Technology – Physical Sciences, Avon Product Inc., 2006–2008
- Senior Development Chemist, Organic Photoconductor Development, Mitsubishi Chemical America Inc. (also known as Mitsubishi Kagaku Imaging), 2003–2006
- Research Chemist, SFA Inc/U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (Optics Division), 2001–2002
- Post-Doctoral Fellow, The Johns Hopkins University, 1999–2001
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- Ph.D., Chemistry, University of Iowa, 1999
- M.Phil., Biophysics, De Montfort University, UK, 1996
- B.Sc., Pure Chemistry, University of Salford, UK (Hons), 1992
- Avon Global R&D Achievement Award: Novel physical methods for developing advanced optics technology, 2007
- Chartered Chemist and full member of the Royal Society of Chemistry (C.Chem., M.R.S.C.)
- Chartered Scientist (C.Sci.) (awarded by the Science Council, UK)
Patent 7,230,040: Fabricating Polymers for Optical Devices, 2007 (with E.M. Maya, A.W. Snow, and R.G.S. Pong).
Filed application: Apparatus and Method for Fabricating Optical Devices (with R.G.S. Pong, J.S. Shirk, and S.R. Flom).
Filed application: Polymer Based Optical Devices (with E.M. Maya, J.S. Shirk, R.G.S. Pong, S.R. Flom).
Filed application: Two Layered Cosmetic Formulation (with P. Maitra).
Filed application: Use of Nano-Particles in Cosmetic Formulations (with P. Maitra and R. Ranade).
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